Lock



O. BILLINGSLEY Loox oct; 18, 1927. 1,645,579

Filed Dec, 17, 1925 2 Sheets- Shed l PatenteclOct. 18, 1927.

' UNITED `,srAffiliez-S 'ORA BLLINGSLEY, OF YORK, N. Y.

LOCK.

Application .filed December 1.7, 1.925. SeriaLNo. 75,903.

This invention relates to locks and particularly to looks .of the hey-less type.

This 4invention is anamprovement ot'my invention set forth in my eopendingappli v.cation Serial No.' 50,912, tiled lby me on August 18th, 1925.y entitled Keyless combination loelr.

Aiea-ture of the present invention is the provision of suitable means tor `preeluding .the shaking or Wobbling27 or any dial. member relative to any associated. look part in any illegitimate attempt to decipher the combination. .While permitting the dial meinbers, their .looking-devices and the coacting element-s ,of the lock to be formed of approximately fitted parts.

Pursuant to .i the lpresent invention, --my look embodies a. set ot .dial n'ieinhers rotatively mounted in a hollenv Casing member, ay movable lock member or equivalent which is provided Awith a oirenlarly extending` .or annular groove combined with agroove Communicating ivithsaid annulargroove and eX- tending .tangentially therefrom, ,ea'eh oii said dial members Carrying asetot' ,pinsor `tquivalent; One of said pins which may be term-ed the .main7 pin extends into itsannular groove, and another pin positioned. `,at .right angles to rsaid first-named pin, said another pin traversing the tangential groove when the first-named pin is in its loch opening position. Such set .of pins vfo: each .dial member positively prevents'. the shaking or Wobbling" .of any dial member ,for vall ,its

" positions of rotative movement-and partieularly when its main pin in its opening position.

.Further features rand objects oi the invenltion will be more nllv understoodfrom the following detail description land the Aaecompanying drawings, in which Fig. l is a gfront. elevationV of .a drawer of a desk `or the like, [showing my improved 'form of vloek `proper thereto; Fig is a sectional elevati-on on line 2-2 of l;

3 isa `sectional elevation VVon line 8-3 of. Fig. 2; .and .F.ig. 4 isza sectional.elevation on line 4l4 .of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is ,a iront Ielevation showing Y.armedifi-ed torm of my lock applied to a vanity case, l.jewelry case orthe-lilze. and illustrating/a similar usel for suitcases :and other handluggage; Fig. Gis Ia ysectional elevation .on line 6-6 of Fig, g'Fig. 7 is a sectional ,from the position shoivninFigs 2 ,and

rvflush with the upper .ledge lof the e.

elevation taken on lineN- T .of Fig. A6,-on a somewhat enlarged scale;v and Fig. f8. is a sectional elevation on line 8,-;8of Figf.

Fig. 9 is a front elevation of .another iorm of. myv improved look .illustrated as applied to the drawer of a desk .or the like;

Fig. 10 is a sectional elevation on vline 10.--10 of Fig. .9; and

Fig. 1l is a seetionalelevation online ll-fll .of Fig. 10.

'leferring to Figs. l .to `et,-inclusive, .the ,drawer 15 may be of va ,desk ,16, bureauor .other form of furniture. orpmay .bea safe A.deposit box or the like. i Such` drawer l5l is vand .rear `jplateythe flatter of .ivhieh is y.preferably enlargedat its opposite lateral ends as is indicated at 23. 24, `which enlar et lateral ends 23, 2,4, areqprovided Withrsiiitable openings registering with corren iiding vOpenings in the front plate 21 tor yre- ,ceivingv theserexvsQ 'for securing the easing member 18 to the inner face ,of the front board 20 of `the ,dravver 15. fllhemovable lock member 19.makesaslidingiit with ,the

Vinner `faces of theenlarged ,lateral endsQS,l 24. Such form of my improved lock as applied to drawers. the -movable .lock member -19 .is givena'limited. movement; the extreme loutward position of themovable look niember ,19 takes place when 4the look iis `in its closed position. ,as is kindicated in V2,

3 anda. lVhen the lock isi-.n its open posi- .tiomthe movable V:look membery 19 drops to ,bring its upper-edge v26 subst? member 18, toY thereby Clear.. the movable lock member r19 and permit,the draiverto moved outwardly of the drawer opening.

Asis set gforlth in .my aforesaid .eppending.applicatioinlSerial No.l 50,912. the; movable lock vmember 19 `is' provided with a ofannular grooves of a number corresponding to the number of the set of fmanually operated dial members; Ain ythis` instance 'the n annular .grooves andfdial members.- are thre in mimberand the anniilar grooves are/des.v

ignated 27, 28, 29. The knurled beads of the three dial members are designated 30, 31. 32.

Each of the three dial members is mounted in av suitable opening 33 in the front board 2O of the drawer 15, and the escutcheon plate 34 is provided with corresponding openings for the respective dial members V30, 31, The escutcheon plate 34 is secured on the front or outer face of the front board 2O of the drawer 15 by the screws 35 or equivalent.

The body portion 36 of each dial member 30, 31, 32 is substantially cylindrical and of diameter slightly less than its opening 33 in the front board 20. The dial plate 37 of each dial member is. preferably circular and of a diameter slightly larger than its opening 33. The designation on each dial member 3T may be in numbers, letters or of any desired coditications.

Each dial member is further provided with a stud 38 atits rearward end, which in this type of my invention passes thro-ugh a suitable opening in the rear plate 22 of the lock casing 18. The rear end of each stud 38 is threaded to receive a nut 38a, to thereby loclreach dial member in position. To afford the desired movement of the movable lock member 19 in the opening and closing of the` same relative to the lock casing 18, the lock member 19 is provided with a set of recesses 39 in the form of perforated slots.

As above indicated, the lock member 19 is of restricted movement and accordingly the slots 39 are of limited length as appears in the left-hand and right-hand slots 39 shown. in Fig. 3. The central slot 39a is not illustrated of restricted length, for the reason that it functions with supplemental means for manually lifting and loweringthe movable loclt member 19 when desired, and as explained more fully hereinafter.

Pursuantto the present invention, the rear face 4() of the body portion 36 of each dial member is provided with a lockingdevice in the form of a main pin removably positioned on such rear face 40 at a location corresponding to its number factor of the combination of the lock and to proj ect into its annular recess 27, 28, or 29, Such pin 41 is usually secured by inserting the pin in a :suitable opening on the rear face 40, which opening may be threaded or the pin may be secured therein by a tight fit.

Pursuant to the present invention,` such lockingdevice further comprises the supplemental pin 42 similarly secured to the rear face 40 of the body portion 36 of each dial member and such supplemental pin 42 is positioned relative to its main pin 41 to be located substantially at the angle of 9\ O therefrom, whereby when its main pin 41 is moved to its opening position. i. e.. in alignment with its lock-opening slot 39 or 39a, the supplemental pin 42 is disposed in alignment with its tangential groove 43. Such tangential grooves 43, as appears in the left-hand and central grooves of the slidable membei| 19 of the lock, may be to the right of the respective slots 39, 39, or may be to the left of the same, as appears for the right-hand groove 29 and its tangential groove 43. such tangential groove 43 communicates with its annular groove 27, 28 or 29 at a O relationship to the point of communication of its slot 39 with its annular groove; the tangential grooves 43 extend from such points of communication substantially parallel to their associated slots 39, 39 and are of similar lengths and closed ended.

By the provision of such tangential grooves 43, upon positioning the main loclring pins 41 in their respective unlocking positions, and upon moving the slidable locl; member 19 from its locltingposition to its unlockingposition, the supplemental pins 42 are moved respectively in their tangential grooves 43, and. conversely, when the movable lock member 13 is movedfrom its unlocking position to its locking position, preparatory to moving the dial. members their locking positions.

By the arrangement of the mutually related pins 41, 42 for each dial member, when any dial member is in its lock-closing position, irrespective of the positions of the pins 41, 42 of the other d ial member or dial members, the movable loclr member 19 is positively held against wobbling orV sideplay.

This feature is of importance for 'the reason that its precludesV the detection by un authorized persons of the combination of the lock, even though the dial members may be turnedgradually or otherwise by such miauthorized person to varying positions in the attempt to ascertain the position of each main locking pin 41 when in alignment with its slot 39 or 39a. Such feature also permits the construction of locks embodyinginy invention for effectual protection against unlocking bythe employmentof main locking pins 41 and supplemental lockingpins 42 having but a loose Ytit respectively infthe annular grooves 27. 28, 29, thereby obviatinef undue nicetv of fit of these parts relatively to one another.

An auxiliary feature appears in the above form of my invention, namely in the provision of themanually opening and closing member 44 which in appearance may simulate one of the aforesaid dial members, but in lieu of numerical or scale markings bears an arrow 45 with or without the legend Open to indicate the direction of krotation. of the member 44 for raising the movable lock member 19, and for lowering the movable loclv` member 19 in the opposite direction. Such auxiliary member 44 may have Aa body portion 46 corresponding to the body por tion 36 of the aforesaid dial members and extend through an opening 47 in the front board 20 of the drawer l5. rfhe rear face of the body portion 46 is provided with the central stud 48 extending through the upper vportion of the perforated slot 39 and closeended at 49 at a location corresponding to the range of movement of themovable lock member 19. `The coacting pin 50 is located on the rear face 46 of 'the manual member 44 adjacent its peripheral edge yand extends through the lateral, perforated slot 51 which may communicate at 52 with the aforesaid slot 39a. The central stud 48 is locked by its nut 48a.

Upon turning; the manual member 441in the direction of the arrow 45, the pin 50 is displaced upwardly by its rotation upwardly relatively to its central stud 48, which movement is accompanied by a displacement of the pin 50 to the left, see Fig. 3, in its slot 51, and the upward movement ofthe stud 48 relative to the slot 39a. The turning of the manual member 44 in a direction opposite to the arrow effects the `opposite movcments of the pin 50 relative to its slot 51 and theV opposite movement of the stud 48 relative to its slot ln the modiiication shown in Figs. 5 to 81 inclusive.. the aforesaid construction of my imi'iroved lock is similarly' embodied and like parts are designated by like reference characters. However. in this form of my lock,

the perforated slots 39 are all of uniform lengrth and are located to be in substantial alignment with one another, thus providing' tor the movement of the movable -locl in aber see Figs. 5 and 7,1m the counterdirections indicated by the double arrowed linel 55, applicable for usewith ya co-acting,` pivotally mounted loch nfember 56, having a lockinfT lug 5'? provided with a slot 58 for recei the locking; end 59 of the movable locl'f member 19. rEhe movable lock member 19 is preferably biased `to its lockingv position.. as by means of spring 60, usuallyv of flat stock and having' an angular formation as indicated inFig. 7 and leoseiy held in position between the edge 61 of the `movable lock member 19 and the inner wall 62 of the lock casing member 18. Such pivotal lock member 56 maybe 'of a metal stamping' having the oppositely dis posed pivot ears '63, the openings of which are in alicnment with the o enine of the eye 64 of the base 65, for receiving a pintle The base 65 is securedbythe rivets 65a to the Vfront lateral :edge :67 yof the-top'6'8 of the suitcase` vanity case, jewel -boX orfthe like.

Such arrangement of the dial members,

-tne movable lock member 19 and the -fcoactng lockingniember 56 attains a lock construction which isf-greatly Vreduced in the Tdiinen ions of -the respectivegpartfs, thereby [lock member when inits to yits im'lo'cking position.

affording the employment of tiiii'iiiatui-e Acfa suitcase. vanity case, jewely boxer-,the

body of.a lbrief case or the like by means .of the screws 7.0 extending from theinner face ofthe flange 69 into thetapped gor internally threaded lugs 71projectingfrom larged edge `portions 72 of the lock'casing 18. It willbeobserved that the barrel portions .of the'dial members may in this in- .stance be of relatively reduced length and that the circulardial flanges 73 .are rabvbetedas yis indicated. at i4 interiorly within the fron-t meniberl of thelock casingj1r 118, to be thereby individually locked against forceful displacement outwardly of thefront plate 21 of the lock casing 18. Such construction also obviatesthe need of locking the respective studs 38 of the dial mem-bers vat `theirrearward,ends, as in the aforesaid constructions .shown lin Figs. l to- 4, `inelusive. i e To aniord manual opening of the movable v unlocked position, lf provide the pin 7 5 secured to and extendingto'rwardly of the movable loclemember 19 through the slot'76in the front plate 21 of the lock casing -18. Such pin"75,isee Fig". 6, may be Aprovided wit-ha spherical head yto facilitate manual grasping. In rthe modification shown in Figs. 9, 1() and 11, applicable :for use'to .a drawer or a desk or thelike, the dial members, the movable loclr member and the'casing member are of reduced dimensions similar to the construction shown in the modification of F i rs 5 to '8, inclusive, Vand'lilte lparts are des nate-d by like reference characters.

Howevenin the modification ofligs. '9, 10 and'll, the locking,l end 59 of the movablelock member 19 projects through the slot 78 through vthe upper side strip T9 of the 'casing mem-ber 18 of the lock to be received within the slot opening 80 of the co- 'acting lock plate 81 when'the movable lock member 19 is moved to itslocking position, andwithd'rawntherethrough when displaced yThe Vco-acting lock memlgjer '81 may be a metal 'stam-pingr having vfa bottom *plate 82 provided with 'suitable openings ffo'rthe screws 83 passing upwardly 'through the 'front apron board "84 ofthe desk 16 o'rj'thelile. i

A manually operated 'opening and *closing member simulating a locking dial member,

siiA lilar lto ftlejc'onetruction shown lin the aforesaid modification fof Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, but of correspondinglyreduced body portion`- is also employed in thefmodiiicalike reference numbers or .cast vwith the rear-ward faces of lthe en- In addition, the manually opening and closing member differs from the aforesaid form appearing in Figs. 1 to 4, by the omission of any central stud 48, for the reason that the bodyportion of the manual opening and closing member 44, as appears in Figs. 9, 10 and l1, is locked by rabbeting as indicated at 85, see Fig. l0, wit-hin the outer plate 2l of the lock casing 18 against outward displacement, while permitting rot-ation of the body portion 46 of the manually operated member 44. In this instance the pin 50 at the rear face of the body portion 46 of the member 44 is received within a groove 5la which need not be a perforation and corresponding to the aforesaid perforated slot 5l appearing in Fig. 3, whereby upon movement of the manual member 44 and therewith of the body portion 46 in the direction of the arrow 86, see Figs. 9 and il, the pin 50 is moved downwardly when the locking pins 41 of the dial members are` all in their unlocking positions, in which movement the respective pins 4l are moved in their longitudinal grooves 3.9. It will be noted that in such construction, as appears in Fig. ll, the central groove 39 has a length which is uniform with the right-hand and left-hand grooves 39 and that such grooves 39 need not be perforated.

From the above, it will appear from the several forms of my Apresent invention, l have provided a keyless loclr which is opened and closed by combinations of variable setting by numbers, letters or other coditied indications. For obtainingl or for changing the various combinations,` the main locking pin 4l is changed in its position at the circumference represented by the center line of its substantially circularY groove inthe movable loek member 1 9 and relative to the 0" or other initial. scale marking: its enacting pin 42 is correspondingly positioned to the. desired right angular relationship therewith. For such purpose, the rear face 40 of each dial member maybe provided with 'a set of recesses spaced from one another as desired and the pins 4l. 42 positioned either by tight frictional fit or by meshing screwthreading. It will beobserved that the parts of the lock, when in their open positions are readily disassembled to permit the combina-- ltion of the loclr to be changed whenever desired, and as readily re-assembled and positioned on the drawer or suit-case, vanity case, jewel box, brief-case or the like.

TWhereas, l have described my invention by reference to specific forms thereof. it will be understood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing -fronr the spirit of the invention.

I claim z f l. in a keyless lock, the combination of a hollow casingV member, a set of dial members movably mounted in said casing member, a

neaasrs movable lock member movably disposed within said hollow casing member, said movable loclr member being provided with a set of substantially circularly extending grooves of a number corresponding to that ofv said set of dial members, said movable lock member being further provided with a groove communicating tangentially with each of said substantially circularly extending grooves, said movable locl; member being further provided with a set of recesses correr-pending in number to said set of dial members, each of said last-named recesses communicating with its substantially circularly extending recesses and extending radially therefrom and a set of locking elements respectively carried by said dial members and extending within said substantial circularly extending recesses respectively.

2. In a keyless lock, the combination of a hollow casing member, a set of dial members movably mounted in said casing` member, a movable lock member movably disposed within said hollow casing member, said movable lock member being provided with a set of substantially circularly extending groovesl of a number corresponding to that of said set of dial members, said movable lock member being further provided with a groove communicating tangentially with each of said substantially circularly extending grooves, said movable lock member being further provided with a set of recesses corresponding in number to said set of dial members, each of said last-named recesses communicating with its substantially circuarly extending recesses and extending radially therefrom anda set of locking elements respectively carriedl by said dial members in substantially right angular relationship with one another and extending within said substantial circularly extending recesses respectivelv. i

In a keyless lock, the combination of a 1 hollow casing member, a set of dial members movably mounted in said casing member, a movable lock member movably disposed within said hollow casing member, said movable loclr member being provided with a set lll) members and extending ivithin said" substantial circulariy extending recesses respece tively.

ln a n dial members, eacn ot said lastfnamed'v recesses communicating with its siibstantia'lly circiilarly extending recesses and ext'ending' radially therefrom, saidftangentially conmunic Wing grooves extendingv substantially Ac,ninent lWith one another and a' set of4 locking elements respecvcively"` carried by "eyless lock, the Vconiibination" hollow casing member, a set ot dial mein# movably mounted in said casing -ineml le lock nieiiiber movably dirsi said hollowY casingfnie iberh,

".Lli afzet ot-substantially ciifcularl'yex tending'gro'oves of afmunber' corresponding "il t ot' said setA of dial members, said ile VAlockL member being further prok vided with a groove communicating tangentially with each ot said substantially circularly extending grooves, said movable lock member being further provided with a set ot recesses corresponding in number to said set ot dial members, each ot said `last-named recesses communicating with its substantially circulariy extending recesses and extending radially therefrom, said tangentially communicating grooves extending substantially parallel to one another and a set of locking elements respectively carried by said dial members in substantially right angular relationshiy') with one another and extending within said-substantial cii'cularly extending recesses respectively,

6. ln a keyless lock, the combination of a hollow casing member, a set of dial members movably mounted in said casing` veember, a movable lock member movably disposed Within said hollow casing member, said movable lock member being provided with a set of substantially circularly eX- tending grooves of a number corresponding to that ot said set oit' dial members, said movable lock member being further provided With a groove communicating tangenl iii-ovable loci; member being provided` tiallyy Ai y ithl eachlof said'l Vslibsl:an'tially cir cularly extending grooves, said ymovable lock. member :being `further.,provided with, a set ot' 'recesses Correspendingin number to said setot dial members,4 each of. said lastnamed recesses communicating yvith its substantially circula'rly extending recesses and extending radially therefron'i, saidmtangentially com inunic'ating grooves extending substantially in aligi nentxvithone another and a set ot loclri.iigeleinents respectivelycarried by said dial members in ,substantially right angular relationship 'Wit one another andextending Withinsai-d substantial circularly extending recesses respectively.,A i i 7.' In akeylessfloclr, ,thel combination of a hollov'v vcasing mseinber, alfset of dial members mov-ably mounted inf,saidcasinginein'- ber, raf movable lock member controlled jointly byV said setot dial members, said movable4 lock member having seto't suba number corresponding'ttotliatfof said set of dial n'ie'mbers, said moyablefloclmember being provideclw'ith a" groove cominuiiicat; ingvlrwdiall'y with'eacho'tsaidl circula y'ex; tent ing grooves atoneloeation thereof and further With'a" groovev communicating ytan-y gentially with of substantially circula rly extending ygroovesat a location dispos' `l`.substantie'll'y' ninety' arcuate Vdegrees tron'rsaid vone`locatiom.and s et 'l variableV locking'Y elements respectively care ried by'said dialin"eiiibers;l th'eflocking ele-` ments fo Leach set, extending' Within'one of said substantially c'rculalily extending re! cessieis..v ,n y y" 8.' i ln la i keyless lock;` the' combination l'oit a hollow casing membeigra set of dial members movably mounted in said casing mem ber, a movable lock member controlled. jointly by said set of dial members, said movable lock member having a set ot substantially circularly extending grooves ot a number corresponding to that of said'set of dial members, said movable lock member being provided 'with a groove communicating radially With each of said circularly extending grooves at one location thereof and further With a groove. communicating tangentially with each of said substantially circularly extending grooves at a location disposed substantially ninety arcuate degrees from said one locationv and a set of variable locking elements respectively carried by said dialmembers, the locking elements of each set being in substantially ninety arcuate Idegree relationship to one another andiextending Within one of said substantially circularly extending recesses.

9. In a keyless lock, the combination of a hollow casing member, a set of dial members movably mounted in said casing mem-V lla) loo

lli)

lim

lock member' having a set o1e substantially circularly extending grooves of a number corresponding to that of said set of dial members, said movable lock member being provided with a groove communicating radially with each o'l:l said circularly extending grooves at one location thereof and further with a groove communicating tangentially with each of said substantially circularly extending grooves at a location disposed substantially ninety arcuate degrees .trom said one location, said tangential recesses extending substantially parallel to said radially extending recesses respectively, and a set oi variable locking elements respectively carried by said dial members, the loch-elements ot' each set extending Within said'one ot' substantially circularly extending recesses.

10. In a keyless lock, the combination of a hollovvv casing member, a set ot' dial members movably mounted in said casing member, a movable lock member controlled jointly by'said set of dial members, said movable lock member having a set ot substantially circularly extending grooves ot a Vnumber corresponding to that of said set or' dial members,'said movable lclr member being provided with a groove communicating radially with each of said circularly extending grooves at one location Ythereof and turther with a groove communicating tangen` tially With each of said substantially circularly extending grooves at a location disposed substantially ninety arcuate degrees Yfrom said one location, said tangential recesses extending substantially parallel to said radially extending recesses respectively, and a set of variable locking elements respectively carried by said dial members, the locking elements of each set being in substantially ninety arcuate degree relationship to one another and extending Within said one of substantially circularly extending recesses.

ll. In a keyless lock, the. combination of a hollow casing member, a set of dial members movably mounted in said casing member, a movable lock member movably orsposed Within said hollow casing member, said movable lock member being provided With a set of substantially circularly extending grooves oit a number corresponding to that olf said set ot dial members, said movable locli member being further provided with a groove communicating tangentially with each oi`4 said substantially circularly extending grooves, -said movable loclr member being further provided with a set ot recesses corresponding in number to said set of dial` members, each of said last-named recesses communicating with its substantially circularly extending recesses and extending radially therefrom, a set of locking elements respectively carried by said dial members and extending Within said substantial circularly extending recesses respectively, said movable lock member 'being further provided With an additional recess, a manually operated member for moving said movable lock member to its closing and opening position; and a pin carried by said manually operated member and extending into said additional recess.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification this 19th day of Sept. 1925.

ORA BILLINGSLEY. 

